What Do you see in an aba classroom?
ABA is the science of using behavioural principles to make meaningful changes. At school, ABA can be used to increase academic, social and daily living skills and to decrease inappropriate, aggressive or ineffective behaviours. Objectives which are observable, measurable and meaningful can be specifically written into an Individual Education Plan (or IPP - Individual Program Plan) and teaching or behavioural interventions implemented using evidence-based strategies. As well, daily interactions between adults and students are based on tools such as positive reinforcement, token economies, shaping and prompting. Data is collected and is used to determine that positive change is taking place.
#1 Tool - Positive Reinforcement!
#1 Tool - Positive Reinforcement!
What is positive reinforcement? It can be anything that is delivered after a behaviour happens that increases the likelihood that it will happen again. There are two types of positive reinforcement - primary and secondary. Primary reinforcers are items such as food and drink. Secondary reinforcers usually have become valuable by being presented at the same time as a primary reinforcer. Eventually they will become reinforcing on their own.
Some important principles -
1. It is very important that the reinforcer be given immediately after the desired behaviour. Tell the student why they are receiving it. eg. "Nice walking feet!"
2. Check often to be sure that the item you are giving is wanted by the student. Start by having the family, student or staff fill out a reinforcer preference checklist. You should also do reinforcer preference assessments throughout the day. Using strong reinforcers will lead to the best behaviour change!
3. Always pair primary reinforcers with social reinforcers such as praise "good job!", tickles, high-5's and smiles.
4. Use secondary reinforcers such as preferred activities and toys as soon as you identify them. If the child does not have preferred activities or toys, you can create them by pairing with strong reinforcers!
5. Be the "Giver of all Good Things!" Make yourself highly reinforcing by restricting access to reinforcing items except when a child is displaying the behaviour you want. Lock away food items and place toys on high shelves.
Some important principles -
1. It is very important that the reinforcer be given immediately after the desired behaviour. Tell the student why they are receiving it. eg. "Nice walking feet!"
2. Check often to be sure that the item you are giving is wanted by the student. Start by having the family, student or staff fill out a reinforcer preference checklist. You should also do reinforcer preference assessments throughout the day. Using strong reinforcers will lead to the best behaviour change!
3. Always pair primary reinforcers with social reinforcers such as praise "good job!", tickles, high-5's and smiles.
4. Use secondary reinforcers such as preferred activities and toys as soon as you identify them. If the child does not have preferred activities or toys, you can create them by pairing with strong reinforcers!
5. Be the "Giver of all Good Things!" Make yourself highly reinforcing by restricting access to reinforcing items except when a child is displaying the behaviour you want. Lock away food items and place toys on high shelves.
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